European Journal of Social Sciences

Volume 62 No 1
May, 2021
Newspaper Reportage of Rape Cases in Nigeria: Influence of Covid-19 Associated Lockdown
6-15
Smith Sam, Ajayi Abraham and Smith Stella
 
Abstract:
The crime of rape is a global challenge in developed and developing countries. However, there is a surge in the rate of this crime in Africa particularly Nigeria. Majority of rape cases in Nigeria go unreported and this tend to encourage the crime to fester. Hence, this study is aimed at evaluating the reportage of rape by the print media in Nigeria. Content analysis was done on data retrieved from The Nation, The Guardian and Daily Trust. A total of 478 rape cases were published by all three newspapers between January and September 2020 with a record spike of 130 reported cases in the month of June alone which was significant (p = 0.002) and could possibly be attributed to the COVID-19 lockdown and its associated restrictions where sexual predators were trapped with their victims. Teenage rape cases reported by the newspapers had the Nation newspaper with 41% rate of reportage, Daily trust 34% rate of reportage and The Guardian 25% rate of reportage. A total of 23 deaths resulting from rape were reported by the three newspapers. Rape is pervasive in Nigeria and is likely going to worsen if no steps are taken immediately to end this scourge.
Keywords: Rape, Reportage, Newspaper, COVID-19 Lockdown
 
 
The Practice of Constructivism: An Approach to Improving Teaching and Learning in the Primary School
16-22
Ndifon, Rita A., Edu, Grace O. and Olofu, Martin A.
 
Abstract:
This paper focused on constructivism as an approach to improving teaching and learning in the primary school. The current catchword in education circle is constructivism. This involves an effective teaching process where the teacher and pupils engage in active participation during the teaching and learning situation. Constructivism therefore provide opportunity for pupils to bring to class their background knowledge that will help them solve educational problem through dialogue with peers and teacher to gain better understanding of a particular concept. The paper discusses the concept of constructivism, the principles guiding the approach as well as a practical demonstration of the method in a Primary School Class as a means of improving teaching and learning in the primary school. The paper also highlighted the features of a constructivist classroom and outlines the prospects and problems of the constructivist approach proffering some suggestions or recommendations for further research.
Keywords:
 
 
Contribution of Mineralogical Analyzes to the Knowledge of Archaeological Ceramics from Korhogo (North-Ivory Coast)
23-34
TOURE Gninin Aïcha
 
Abstract:
The majority artefact found in most archaeological sites, ceramics are capable of providing a great deal of information to archaeologists on a population. Thus, depending on the type of information sought, the ceramic may be subjected to a number of specific treatments. To understand the methods of manufacturing, firing and post-firing of Korhogo ceramics, we opted for mineralogical analyzes of shards unearthed during archaeological excavations. To do this, we subjected shards to macroscopic and mesoscopic observations, and to analyzes by the X-ray diffractometry method (X-ray diffraction).
These two methods allowed us to realize that chamotte is the degreaser par excellence used in the manufacture of pottery in the region of Korhogo. Also, the clay formation in the study area is dominated by quartz.
Keywords: Ceramics, Mineralogical analysis, Macroscopic method, Mesoscopic method, X diffractometry method.
 
 
Loss of Chance: Does It Exist In Vietnam’s Medical Malpractice Law?
35-42
Nguyen Thi Bao Anh, Dao Loc Binh, Le Thi Hang and Nguyen Thu Huong
 
Abstract:
There are some unfortunate instances where patients get undesirable outcomes due to the alleged mistakes of medical practitioners. Consequently, the world is witnessing an increase in the number of medical malpractice cases being brought to court for determination. Faced with such cases which sometimes are difficult to prove liability on the part of the medical practitioner, some jurisdictions have resulted in the concept of “loss of chance.” Loss of a chance is a doctrine permitting recovery of damages for the destruction or reduction of the prospect for achieving a more favorable outcome than which has occurred. Courts have to decide whether to or not to award damages and if so what type of damages. In some cases, the courts have to perform a delicate balancing act when it comes to handling medical malpractice claims. The doctrine was created, in part, to compensate patients who lost an already diminished chance of living because of medical negligence. This paper compares the application of the legal regulations of loss of chance in four countries namely: Vietnam, England, France, and Belgium. The paper seeks to answer the question: Does Vietnam’s legal system practice the concept of “loss of chance?” Concurrently, Vietnam may learn about the model of loss of chance from Belgium, France, and England to promote the development of this necessary regulation.
Keywords: cases compensation, damages, judgments, loss of chance.